Limonene
/LIM-oh-neen/
A citrus-scented terpene found in cannabis and citrus fruits. Associated with anxiolytic and antidepressant effects in preclinical studies.
In Depth
Limonene is the second most common terpene in cannabis. It is also abundant in lemon, orange, and grapefruit peels. Preclinical studies show anxiolytic and antidepressant effects, possibly through 5-HT1A receptor modulation and adenosine A2A receptor activation. Limonene also has antifungal and antibacterial properties. Human clinical evidence for limonene's psychoactive effects is limited, though aromatherapy studies suggest anxiolytic effects via inhalation.
Related Terms
Further Reading
More in Chemistry
Decarboxylation
The chemical process by which a carboxyl group (COOH) is removed from a molecule, releasing CO₂. Converts inactive cannabinoid acids (THCA, CBDA) into their active forms (THC, CBD).
THCA (Tetrahydrocannabinolic Acid)
The acidic, non-psychoactive precursor to THC found in raw, unheated cannabis. Converted to THC through decarboxylation.
CBDA (Cannabidiolic Acid)
The acidic precursor to CBD found in raw cannabis. Converted to CBD through decarboxylation.
Lipophilicity
The tendency of a molecule to dissolve in fats, oils, and non-polar solvents rather than water. Cannabinoids are highly lipophilic.
Myrcene
The most abundant terpene in most cannabis strains. Produces an earthy, musky aroma. Proposed to enhance cannabinoid absorption and contribute to sedating effects.