Decarboxylation
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The chemical process by which a carboxyl group (COOH) is removed from a molecule, releasing CO₂. Converts inactive cannabinoid acids (THCA, CBDA) into their active forms (THC, CBD).
In Depth
Raw cannabis contains cannabinoids primarily in their acidic forms (THCA, CBDA, CBGA). These acid forms are not psychoactive and have limited activity at CB1 receptors. Decarboxylation occurs when cannabis is heated (smoking, vaporizing, cooking) or over time with light and heat exposure. The optimal decarboxylation temperature for THC is approximately 105–120°C; higher temperatures cause degradation to CBN. This process is critical for understanding the pharmacology of different cannabis preparations.
Related Terms
More in Chemistry
THCA (Tetrahydrocannabinolic Acid)
The acidic, non-psychoactive precursor to THC found in raw, unheated cannabis. Converted to THC through decarboxylation.
CBDA (Cannabidiolic Acid)
The acidic precursor to CBD found in raw cannabis. Converted to CBD through decarboxylation.
Lipophilicity
The tendency of a molecule to dissolve in fats, oils, and non-polar solvents rather than water. Cannabinoids are highly lipophilic.
Myrcene
The most abundant terpene in most cannabis strains. Produces an earthy, musky aroma. Proposed to enhance cannabinoid absorption and contribute to sedating effects.
Limonene
A citrus-scented terpene found in cannabis and citrus fruits. Associated with anxiolytic and antidepressant effects in preclinical studies.