Sublingual Administration
Drug delivery under the tongue, allowing absorption through the sublingual mucosa directly into the bloodstream, partially bypassing first-pass metabolism.
In Depth
Sublingual administration of cannabinoids provides faster onset than oral (15–45 min vs. 30–120 min) and higher bioavailability than oral due to partial bypass of first-pass metabolism. Nabiximols (Sativex) is delivered sublingually/buccally. CBD oils are commonly administered sublingually in clinical practice. The sublingual mucosa is highly vascularized, allowing direct absorption into the systemic circulation. Holding the product under the tongue for 60–90 seconds before swallowing maximizes sublingual absorption.
More in Chemistry
Decarboxylation
The chemical process by which a carboxyl group (COOH) is removed from a molecule, releasing CO₂. Converts inactive cannabinoid acids (THCA, CBDA) into their active forms (THC, CBD).
THCA (Tetrahydrocannabinolic Acid)
The acidic, non-psychoactive precursor to THC found in raw, unheated cannabis. Converted to THC through decarboxylation.
CBDA (Cannabidiolic Acid)
The acidic precursor to CBD found in raw cannabis. Converted to CBD through decarboxylation.
Lipophilicity
The tendency of a molecule to dissolve in fats, oils, and non-polar solvents rather than water. Cannabinoids are highly lipophilic.
Myrcene
The most abundant terpene in most cannabis strains. Produces an earthy, musky aroma. Proposed to enhance cannabinoid absorption and contribute to sedating effects.