Neuroprotection
The preservation of neuronal structure and function against injury, degeneration, or disease.
In Depth
Both CBD and THC have demonstrated neuroprotective properties in preclinical models of traumatic brain injury, stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Mechanisms include antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effects via CB2 receptors, reduction of excitotoxicity, and promotion of neurogenesis. However, translating these findings to human clinical benefit has proven challenging, and chronic heavy THC use is associated with neurotoxic effects in adolescents.
Related Terms
Further Reading
More in Neuroscience
Retrograde Signaling
A form of synaptic communication where the postsynaptic neuron sends chemical signals back to the presynaptic neuron to modulate neurotransmitter release.
Neurogenesis
The process by which new neurons are formed in the brain. In adults, primarily occurs in the hippocampus (dentate gyrus) and olfactory bulb.
Neuroinflammation
Inflammation of nervous tissue, involving activation of microglia and astrocytes and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines within the CNS.
Hippocampus
A brain region critical for memory formation, spatial navigation, and stress regulation. Highly enriched in CB1 receptors and particularly sensitive to cannabinoid effects.
Amygdala
A brain region central to fear processing, emotional memory, and the stress response. CB1 receptors in the amygdala mediate cannabinoids' effects on anxiety and fear extinction.