CYP450 Enzymes
Cytochrome P450 enzymes — a superfamily of liver enzymes responsible for metabolizing most drugs. CBD and THC inhibit multiple CYP450 isoforms, creating drug interaction potential.
In Depth
CBD is a potent inhibitor of CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4 — enzymes that metabolize warfarin, clobazam, tacrolimus, and many other drugs. THC is metabolized primarily by CYP2C9 and CYP3A4. At therapeutic doses, CBD's CYP inhibition is clinically significant and has led to FDA-mandated drug interaction warnings on the Epidiolex label. The magnitude of interaction depends on CBD dose, route of administration, and the specific CYP substrate involved.
Related Terms
Further Reading
More in Pharmacology
Endocannabinoid System (ECS)
A lipid-based retrograde neurotransmitter system comprising endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids), their receptors (CB1, CB2), and metabolic enzymes.
CB1 Receptor
Cannabinoid receptor type 1. A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) primarily expressed in the central nervous system. The primary target of THC's psychoactive effects.
CB2 Receptor
Cannabinoid receptor type 2. A GPCR primarily expressed in immune tissues and peripheral organs. Less abundant in the CNS than CB1.
Anandamide (AEA)
N-arachidonoylethanolamine. The first endocannabinoid identified. A partial agonist at CB1 and CB2 receptors, named from the Sanskrit word "ananda" meaning bliss.
2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)
The most abundant endocannabinoid in the brain. A full agonist at both CB1 and CB2 receptors.