Angiogenesis
/an-jee-oh-JEN-ih-sis/
The formation of new blood vessels. Cannabinoids inhibit tumor angiogenesis, potentially limiting cancer growth and metastasis.
In Depth
Tumors require new blood vessel formation (angiogenesis) to grow beyond 1–2mm. Cannabinoids inhibit angiogenesis in tumor models by reducing VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) expression and activating CB1/CB2 receptors on endothelial cells. This anti-angiogenic effect, combined with pro-apoptotic and anti-migratory effects, contributes to cannabinoids' preclinical anticancer activity. Clinical translation remains challenging due to the complexity of cancer biology.
Further Reading
More in Pharmacology
Endocannabinoid System (ECS)
A lipid-based retrograde neurotransmitter system comprising endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids), their receptors (CB1, CB2), and metabolic enzymes.
CB1 Receptor
Cannabinoid receptor type 1. A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) primarily expressed in the central nervous system. The primary target of THC's psychoactive effects.
CB2 Receptor
Cannabinoid receptor type 2. A GPCR primarily expressed in immune tissues and peripheral organs. Less abundant in the CNS than CB1.
Anandamide (AEA)
N-arachidonoylethanolamine. The first endocannabinoid identified. A partial agonist at CB1 and CB2 receptors, named from the Sanskrit word "ananda" meaning bliss.
2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)
The most abundant endocannabinoid in the brain. A full agonist at both CB1 and CB2 receptors.