TRPV1 Channel
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1. An ion channel activated by capsaicin, heat (>43°C), and endocannabinoids including anandamide. Involved in pain and inflammation signaling.
In Depth
TRPV1 is a non-selective cation channel expressed on peripheral sensory neurons, spinal cord, and brain. It is a key mediator of pain and neurogenic inflammation. Anandamide activates TRPV1 at high concentrations, and CBD is a potent TRPV1 agonist. Paradoxically, TRPV1 activation can both sensitize and desensitize pain pathways depending on context and duration of exposure. CBD's analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects may partly involve TRPV1 desensitization.
Related Terms
Further Reading
More in Pharmacology
Endocannabinoid System (ECS)
A lipid-based retrograde neurotransmitter system comprising endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids), their receptors (CB1, CB2), and metabolic enzymes.
CB1 Receptor
Cannabinoid receptor type 1. A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) primarily expressed in the central nervous system. The primary target of THC's psychoactive effects.
CB2 Receptor
Cannabinoid receptor type 2. A GPCR primarily expressed in immune tissues and peripheral organs. Less abundant in the CNS than CB1.
Anandamide (AEA)
N-arachidonoylethanolamine. The first endocannabinoid identified. A partial agonist at CB1 and CB2 receptors, named from the Sanskrit word "ananda" meaning bliss.
2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)
The most abundant endocannabinoid in the brain. A full agonist at both CB1 and CB2 receptors.