Reproductive Effects
Effects of cannabinoids on reproductive function. The ECS plays a role in fertility, pregnancy, and fetal development. Cannabis use during pregnancy is associated with adverse outcomes.
In Depth
The ECS is essential for reproductive function — endocannabinoids regulate ovulation, implantation, and placental development. THC crosses the placenta and blood-brain barrier, exposing the fetus to cannabinoid effects during critical developmental periods. Prenatal cannabis exposure is associated with reduced birth weight, preterm birth, and neurodevelopmental effects (attention, executive function, anxiety) in offspring. Cannabis use during breastfeeding exposes infants to THC via breast milk. No safe level of cannabis use during pregnancy has been established.
Related Terms
Further Reading
More in Clinical
Dravet Syndrome
A severe, treatment-resistant form of childhood epilepsy characterized by prolonged seizures, often triggered by fever, beginning in the first year of life.
Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS)
A severe form of childhood-onset epilepsy characterized by multiple seizure types, slow spike-wave EEG pattern, and cognitive impairment.
Epidiolex
The FDA-approved pharmaceutical formulation of purified cannabidiol (CBD), manufactured by GW Pharmaceuticals (now Jazz Pharmaceuticals). Approved in 2018 for Dravet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.
Dronabinol (Marinol)
A synthetic form of THC (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol) approved by the FDA for chemotherapy-induced nausea/vomiting and AIDS-related anorexia.
Nabilone (Cesamet)
A synthetic cannabinoid analogue of THC approved for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. More potent than dronabinol.