Research Methods

N-of-1 Trial

A single-patient crossover trial in which an individual patient undergoes multiple treatment periods to determine their personal optimal treatment.

In Depth

N-of-1 trials are particularly relevant for cannabis medicine, where individual responses vary enormously. A patient might alternate between different cannabis preparations, doses, or routes of administration under controlled conditions to identify their optimal regimen. While not generalizable to populations, N-of-1 trials provide the highest level of evidence for individual treatment decisions. They are increasingly used in precision medicine and are well-suited to the highly variable pharmacology of cannabinoids.

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